La structure des révolutions scientifiques

French language

Published Nov. 7, 2018 by Flammarion.

ISBN:
978-2-08-139601-2
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4 stars (41 reviews)

Paru en 1962, La Structure des révolutions scientifiques est devenu un classique de l'histoire des sciences. Kuhn y étudie ces moments de crise que traverse la science au cours de son évolution (avec Copernic, Newton, Lavoisier, Einstein...) : il y a révolution scientifique lorsqu'une théorie consacrée par le temps est rejetée au profit d'une nouvelle. Cette substitution amène généralement un déplacement des problèmes offerts à la recherche et des critères selon lesquels les spécialistes les examinent.À quelles conditions une telle crise peut-elle apparaître ? Toute révolution scientifique est-elle facteur de progrès ? Cheminant avec Kuhn dans l'histoire des sciences, le lecteur verra que chacune de ces révolutions transforme non seulement l'imagination des chercheurs mais aussi le monde dans lequel s'effectue le travail scientifique.

39 editions

Historien copernicien

4 stars

Cet ouvrage date de 1962, avec une postface de 1969. Il reste un jalon dans l'histoire de l'histoire des sciences et de l'épistémologie.

Il est intéressant de mesurer les immenses progrès faits depuis la parution de ce livre. La tectonique de Wegener est désormais établie. Et Thomas Kuhn ne cite que la précession du périhélie de Mercure comme confirmation de la théorie de la relativité générale. Même la déviation des rayons lumineux était attribuée à autre chose que la déformation de l'espace-temps. Depuis, nous savons que c'est la cause des lentilles gravitationnelles, nous avons détecté les ondes gravitationnelles qu'Einstein avait prédit cent ans avant et qu'il pensait indétectables. Enfin, le GPS constate les effets relativistes sur ses satellites.

Mais ce livre traite de l'histoire des sciences et non des connaissances scientifiques à un moment donné.

Kuhn tire les conséquences du constat que l'apprentissage de la science est différent de son …

Review of 'The structure of scientific revolutions' on 'Goodreads'

4 stars

I met this book two times in my life, once when I was about 17-18 and never actually bothered reading it. Even the idea and possibility of a non-cumulative science destroyed my hopes about any advancement in general in these fields. I felt betrayed by science and weak, vulnerable to subjective ideas and mere personalities of scientists. I think this is the first step on the path of getting rid of scientism.

Then second time I actually read this book, 6 years later, though I should have done so much earlier, because there is advancament, and Kuhn's paradigm view (or "interdisciplinary matrix" view) makes so much sense and the author has so many great examples from history of science that it hurts not to see the stages of some non-cumulative, but real development. You don't always need a set goal to arrive at, this book is an absolutely must read …

reviewed The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas Kuhn (International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, #2)

Review of 'The Structure of Scientific Revolutions' on 'Goodreads'

5 stars

Apparently independent of any phenomenological studies, Kuhn manages to give an account of science and progress that also fits with the phenomena of being-in-the-world, to borrow a phrase from Heidegger. As such Kuhn not only advances our understanding of science but helps deconstruct scientism while preserving the knowledge gained through scientific exploration. This is really a "must read" for scientists and philosophers.

Review of 'The Structure of Scientific Revolutions' on 'Goodreads'

4 stars

Kuhn did science a great service by debunking the linear history of science — the story in which all of history’s scientists are slowly accumulating knowledge and abandoning superstition in a quest for today’s interpretation of reality, which is on a steady trajectory for Truth. Kuhn shows us that this story is a complete fiction based on a regular re-writing of history with every scientific revolution. According to Kuhn, new paradigms (if you’ve ever used the word “paradigm” it’s his fault) of data interpretation arise and become popular in a sort of punctuated evolution. He cautiously understates the epistomological consequences for science in this essay, but you can read between the lines and see your faith in science not shattered but certainly changed for the better.

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Subjects

  • épistémologie
  • histoire des sciences

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